Coherent population trapping and spin relaxation of a silicon vacancy center in diamond at millikelvin temperatures

Abstract

We report experimental studies of coherent population trapping (CPT) and spin relaxation in a temperature range 4 K–100 mK in a silicon vacancy (Si𝑉) center subject to a transverse magnetic field. The spin linewidth, which is determined by spin dephasing, is extracted from power dependent CPT linewidths. Near and below 1 K, phonon-induced spin dephasing becomes negligible compared with that induced by the spin bath of naturally abundant 13C atoms. The temperature dependence of the spin dephasing rates agrees with the theoretical expectation that phonon-induced spin dephasing arises primarily from orbital relaxation induced by first order electron-phonon interactions. A nearly 100-fold increase in spin lifetime is observed when the temperature is lowered from 4 K to slightly below 1 K, indicating that two-phonon spin-flip transitions play an essential role in the spin relaxation of Si𝑉 ground states.